An economic analysis of Pangas (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus) farming considering socioeconomic and environmental impacts: A case study in Trishal Upazila, Bangladesh

Abstract

Pangas is a relatively fast-growing fish species with great production and export growth potential in Bangladesh, but its socioeconomic and environmental effects remained less explored. Therefore, the study was conducted, to explore the profitability and factors influencing the gross return of Pangas fish farming and to analyse the socioeconomic and environmental effects. Data were collected using a simple random sampling technique from 60 Pangas fish producers living in two villages of Trishal Upazila under the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh, through face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview schedule. The Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) analysis was calculated to measure the profitability; while the Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to analyze the factors affecting commercial Pangas fish production. The cost-benefit analysis showed that Pangas fish production was profitable, with an average per hectare net return of BDT 1,439,174 (13,237.25 USD). The benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was found 1.27, indicating profitability. The regression analysis of the Cobb-Douglas type production function found that human labour, feed, fingerlings, and medicine/pesticide costs positively and significantly affected Pangas fish production. The study highlighted the positive socioeconomic impacts of Pangas fish production but also raised concerns about the environmental implications. Producers faced challenges related to technical, economic, and social aspects. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, extension workers, and Pangas fish producers in formulating strategies and policies to promote sustainable growth and address the challenges faced by Pangas fish producers.