1. Home
  2. Vol 10, No 1 (2022)
  3. Luqman

Analysis of Constraints Faced by Gram Growers Regarding Improved Gram Production Practices in Southern Region of Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Luqman, Zia Ur Rehman, Mudassar Yaseen, Shoaib Nasir, Muhammad U. Mehmood, Muhammad Yaseen, Tariq Mehmood, Saira Azmat

Abstract


This study explored different constraints being faced by the gram growers in Thal and Barani region of Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, two districts from each region were selected and 30-gram growers from each of the selected district were selected purposively, thereby making a sample size of 120 farmers. Data were collected using a structured and validated interview schedule and collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Constraints were grouped in to (i) technical (ii) physical and (iii) and financial constraints. Among technical constraints, fertilizer management, less awareness about recommended practices and weeds management were prominent constraints. Non-availability of labour, water shortage and costly labour were leading physical constraints. Lack of finance, credit and limited access to inputs due to inadequate finance were some prominent financial constraints. All the constraints had adverse impact on the production of gram in study area. This study concludes that gram production cannot be enhanced unless the constraints are not removed through synergistic working of agriculture and allied departments to facilitate the gram growers.

Keywords


Constraints; Gram production; Technical constraints; Gram growers; Physical constraints

References


Asghar, R., T. Siddique and M. Afzal. 2003. Inter and intra-specific variation in SDS-PAGE electrophoregrams of total seed protein in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) germplasm. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 6: 1991-95.

Elahi, E., M. Abid, L. Zhang, S. Ul Haq and J. G. M. Sahito. 2018. Agricultural advisory and financial services; farm level access, outreach and impact in a mixed cropping district of Punjab, Pakistan. Land Use Policy, 71: 249-60.

Government of Pakistan. 2020. Economic Survey of Pakistan, Finance Division Islamabad, Pakistan. Place Published.

Hassan, G. and I. Khan. 2007. Post emergence herbicidal control of Asphodelus tenuifolius in Desi chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) at Lakki Marwat, Pakistan. Pak. J. Weed Sci. Res, 13: 33-38.

Jalal-ud-Din, M. 2011. The socio-economic problems of small farmers in adopting new agricultural technology: A case study of three villages in district Mardan. Sarhad journal of agriculture, 27: 299-304.

Jamil, F., N. Sarwar, M. Sarwar, J. Khan, J. Geistlinger and G. Kahl. 2000. Genetic and pathogenic diversity within Ascochyta rabiei (Pass.) Lab. populations in Pakistan causing blight of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 57: 243-54.

Jat, S., K. Dangi and B. L. Kumhar. 2017. Constraints in adoption of improved cultivation practices of black gram. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6: 1820-24.

Khan, A., Z. A. Khan, U. Pervaiz and M. Iqbal. 2019. Extension agents perceptions regarding constraints to adoption of improved agricultural practices by farmers. Sarhad journal of agriculture, 35: 342-48.

Khan, O., A. Naseer, M. Shahbaz, S. Akhtar, M. Faisal and K. Mushtaq. 2017. Accessing the factors affecting the yield of Chick-pea in Thal, Punjab. Pakistan. J. Innov. Bio-Res, 1: 46-51.

Malik, W., M. A. Abid, H. M. N. Cheema, A. A. Khan, M. Z. Iqbal, A. Qayyum, M. Hanif, N. Bibi, S. Yuan and A. Yasmeen. 2015. From Qutn to Bt cotton: development, adoption and prospects. A review. Cytology and Genetics, 49: 408-19.

Merga, B. and J. Haji. 2019. Economic importance of chickpea: Production, value, and world trade. Cogent Food & Agriculture, 5: 1615718.

NARC. 2017. National coordinated pulses programme NARC, Islamabad.

Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. 2020. Food imports in the previous fiscal year 2019-20”. . Place Published.

PCRWR. 2020. Project; “Participatory National Integrated Water Management Programme”. Retrieved from; https://bit.ly/3jCfxF8 Place Published.

Rani, A., P. Devi, U. C. Jha, K. D. Sharma, K. H. Siddique and H. Nayyar. 2020. Developing climate-resilient chickpea involving physiological and molecular approaches with a focus on temperature and drought stresses. Frontiers in plant science: 1759.

Rehman, A., Farooq M., Ozturk L., Asif M. and S. K. H. 2018. Zinc nutrition in wheat-based cropping systems. Plant and Soil, 422: 283-315.

Ruzzante, S., R. Labarta and A. Bilton. 2021. Adoption of agricultural technology in the developing world: a meta-analysis of the empirical literature. World Development, 146: 105599.

Ullah, A., T. M. Shah and M. Farooq. 2020. Pulses production in Pakistan: status, constraints and opportunities. International Journal of Plant Production, 14: 549-69.

Yigezu, Y. A., A. Mugera, T. El-Shater, A. Aw-Hassan, C. Piggin, A. Haddad, Y. Khalil and S. Loss. 2018. Enhancing adoption of agricultural technologies requiring high initial investment among smallholders. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 134: 199-206.


Full Text: PDF

DOI: 10.33687/ijae.010.01.3633

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2021 Muhammad Luqman, Zia Ur Rehman, Mudassar Yaseen, Shoaib Nasir, Muhammad Umer Mehmood, Muhammad Yaseen, Tariq Mehmood

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.