IDENTIFICATION OF MOSQUITOCIDAL COMPOUNDS FROM THE LEAF EXTRACTS OF OCIMUM GRATISSIMUM (LAMINACEAE) AGAINST DENGUE AND CHIKUNGUNYA VECTOR AEDES AGYPTI (L.)

Tamilselvan Pratheeba, Onkali Prabhavathi, Ragunathan Yuvarajan, Natarajan Murugan, Natarajan Devarajan

Abstract


Dengue and Chikungunya are mosquito-borne disease, transmitted mainly by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. The control of mosquito larvae worldwide depends primarily on continued applications of synthetic insecticides. Repeated use of synthetic insecticides in agriculture and public health programs has caused multifarious problems, including toxic hazards to human and non-target organisms. Alternatively, extracts or essential oils from plants may be served as an alternative source of mosquito control agents. Hence, the present study chose various organic solvent extracts (Hexane, chloroform, acetone, ethyl acetate, methanol and water) of Ocimum gratissimum leaves for control of mosquito vectors. Results showed the chloroform extract has remarkable pupicidal and adulticidal activity and the values are LC50 19.28mg/l and LC50 16.08mg/l, respectively. Results of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) fractions of chloroform extract indicate the presence of phenolic group of compounds. A total of 35 peaks was identified by Gas Chromatography and Mass spectroscopy (GC/MS) analysis, five as considered as major compounds, i.e,  Hentriaconate, Hepta 2-1 trimethyl, tetracosahexane, Hexamethyl, Benzopyran and Dihydro tetramethyl trimethyl acetate. The present study shows that O. gratissimum can act as an efficient toxic agent against mosquitoes. These results suggest that the leaf extracts of O. gratissimum have a potential to be used as an ideal eco-friendly approach for the control of mosquitoes.

Keywords


Ocimum gratissimum; Aedes agypti; mosquito control, GCMS

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References


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