Detection and inherent analysis of stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) resistance genes in Pakistani advanced wheat lines

Sania Begum, Sahir Hameed Khattak, Muhammad Aqeel Aslam, Ghassan Zahid, Rabia Ikram, Farhana Amin, Aliya Errum, Saida Komal, Farkhanda Jabeen, Ambreen Sher, Maryam Murtaza, Ghulam Muhammad Ali

Abstract


Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, the causal agent of stripe rust, poses a serious threat to global wheat production. The development of resistant cultivars requires the identification and pyramiding of resistance (Yr) genes. In this study, thirty Pakistani spring wheat lines were evaluated using ten microsatellite and sequence-tagged site (STS) markers linked to stripe rust resistance genes. Molecular screening revealed that 13% and 17% of the lines carried Yr5-associated alleles with markers Cslv34 and CYS5, respectively, while 15% and 5% harbored Yr26 and Yr10 alleles. The markers Xgwm11 and Xgwm140, associated with multiple resistance loci, were detected in 29 and 28 lines, respectively. Notably, Xwmc-419, linked to Yr26, was present in all lines, including the positive control. Cluster analysis uncovered considerable genetic diversity, grouping the lines into two major clusters (A and B). Cluster A, represented solely by the outlier WHT15180, exhibited unique resistance mechanisms. Cluster B (29 lines) was further subdivided into B-1 and B-2. Subcluster B-1.1 contained five accessions that merged at low genetic distances, indicating conserved resistance profiles (e.g., Yr5/Yr10), whereas subcluster B-2.2 with seven accessions formed at higher distances (150-200), suggesting greater diversity. Intermediate clusters (B-1.2 and B-2.1) reflected adaptive variation shaped by regional pathogen pressures. These findings prioritize Yr5, Yr10, and Yr26 for marker-assisted breeding, while highlighting WHT15180 and B-2.2 accessions as potential reservoirs of novel resistance. This molecular-cluster framework will accelerate the development of durable rust-resistant wheat in Pakistan.

Keywords


DNA Markers, Genetic variation, Marker Assisted Selection, Stripe rust, Triticum aestivum L.

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33804/pp.009.03.5675

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