Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature on Characteristics of Biochar Derived from Rice Straw and its Influence on Growth of Sunflower
Abstract
The management of large volumes of agro-waste such as rice straw is a big challenge as the burning of such waste leads to air pollution. The currenst study was proposed to evaluate the pyrolysis temperature effect on the characteristics of rice straw derived biochar and its implementations to improve the growth of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). In this study, biochar was prepared at three numerous temperatures viz; 400, 600, and 800 °C. The results of fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) showed the existence of various functional groups viz; hydrogen bonded hydroxal groups, carboxylic groups, and crystalline structure of biochar, respectively. The proximate and CHNS analysis results, showed enhancement in ash and carbon content, while a reduction was seen in volatile content (VC), nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H) and H/C values, under the rising pyrolysis temperature, thus significantly improving plant growth. The pot trial was conducted with each treatment having four replicates. Application of rice straw derived biochar in potted soil at 2%, 4%, and 6% (w/w) significantly increased soil pH, electrical conductivity (ECe), and water holding capacity (WHC), while reduced the bulk density (BD) of soil which strongly affect the bioavailability of macro and micro-nutrients in soil for plant. Biochar treatment(RSBC 600°C) at 4% application rate showed significantly higher difference in plant height (153.07cm), SPAD (60.8) and seed yield (12.6 g) of plant as compared to control. The results clearly showed that 4% biochar treatment (RS-BC2) gives beneficial outcomes with greater improvements in growth parameters. Hence, biochar derived from such potential waste is eco-friendly and can serve as a partial substitute for inorganic fertilizer.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33687/planthealth.03.01.5365
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