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POTENTIAL STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS AND PHEROMONE TRAPS FOR THE CONTROL OF EPHESTIA SPP. IN DATE WAREHOUSES OF TWO PROVINCES IN IRAQ
Abstract
The research carried out into two date warehouses, one in Karbala province, While the other in the Babylon province which belongs to the Iraqi company for manufacturing and marketing dates. In these two date warehouses, the biological agents were released periodically in addition to hanging pheromone traps. The results revealed that the percentage of preserving date in these two date warehouses were 97.3 and 98.1 % in comparison with 90.5 and 92.5 % into the control date warehouses in which biological agents and pheromone traps did not used. Furthermore, to prove that this method for controlling Ephestia spp. in date warehouse was good and efficient, we examined date from another date warehouse containing about 3250 tons of date packed in polyethylene bags and treated with Methyl Bromide to protect it from Ephestia spp. infestation, unfortunately the percentage of preserving dates in this warehouse was only 91.7% after six months. Furthermore, our results also showed that the mean number of Ephestia spp. captured by pheromone traps in the date warehouse which treated with Methyl Bromide was 18 times more than that captured in the warehouses treated with biological agents mentioned above and pheromone traps in both provinces.
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References
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