Impact of Deficit Irrigations on Yield and Water Productivity of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Drip Irrigation

Ammar Ahmad, Habibullah Habib, Muhammad Mohsan, Mujahid Ali, Habib Ur Rehman, Hafiz Muhammad Bilal, Muhammad Shoaib

Abstract


In water-scarce conditions of the country, enhancement of maize yield and Crop Water Productivity (CWP) is vital. The objective of the research was to study the evapotranspiration and irrigation under drip irrigation system for maize crop. A field experiment with 100%, 90%, 80%, and 70% application of irrigation water based on real-time ETo was designed at Water Management Research Farm, Renala Khurd, Okara, Punjab-Pakistan under drip irrigation system. A hybrid (30T60) maize was sown under the RCBD layout on beds in the Kharif seasons of 2022 and 2023. In one hectare 86,485 plants were sown on 80 cm wide beds with 46 cm wide furrow in 67.72 m x 10.62 m experimental plot for each treatment. Data about fresh ears weight, grain yield, number of grain rows per ear, number of grains per row, 1000 grain weight, above-ground biomass were taken. During Kharif 2022, depth of water applied was 329.2 mm for 100% ETo, 296.3 mm for 90% ETo, 263.3 mm for 80% ETo, and 230.4 mm for 70% ETo. Grain yield of 9.20 tons/ha and CWP of 2.75 Kg/m3 at 100% applied water was observed, while 9.20 tons/ha with 3.11 Kg/m3, 8.33 tons/ha with 3.16 Kg/m3 and 9.33 tons with 4.05 Kg/m3 at 90%, 80% and 70% depth applied respectively. However, during Kharif 2023, 11.3 tons/ha with 2.99 Kg/m3, 10.4 tons/ha with 3.06 Kg/m3, 10.3 tons/ha with 3.41 Kg/m3, 10.0 tons/ha with 3.78 Kg/m3 of grain yield and CWP was found at 100%, 90%, 80% and 70% depth applied, respectively. So, 70% of ETo based water application for maize would be suitable for its better yield and CWP.

Keywords


hybrid maize; deficit irrigation; grain yield; biomass; water use efficiency

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.33687/jacm.006.02.4687

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